The anniversary exhibition “Gennadius 100: A Century of Inspiration” (1.4-26.7.2026) narrates the history of the Gennadius Library through approximately 100 exhibits—matching the number of years since its founding. The Gennadius Library of the American School of Classical Studies at Athens, one of the country’s most important intellectual institutions, serves as a treasure trove of knowledge, remarkable collections, and rare books—some of which are being presented to the public for the first time in this exhibition.

The items featured in the exhibition offer visitors the opportunity to explore a world where history, art, and research coexist. From materials that narrate the evolution of Hellenism from antiquity to the present day, to personal archives of important figures and rare historical maps of the eastern Mediterranean, a multilayered account unfolds—telling both the story of the Library and the broader course of Hellenism itself.

The Gennadius Library: Opened in 1926 with the 26,000 volume collection of diplomat and bibliophile Joannes Gennadius, the Gennadius Library houses today 145,000 titles of rare books and bindings, research materials, manuscripts, archives, and works of art that illuminate Hellenism, Greece, and neighboring civilizations from antiquity to modern times. Rare maps of the Mediterranean, early editions of Homer's Iliad and Odyssey and a laurel wreath belonging to Lord Byron are just some of the unique items to be found here. In addition to its role as an internationally renowned library and research institution, the Library is an active participant in the Athenian and international cultural community through its public lectures, seminars, concerts, exhibitions, and publications.

Founders Joannes and Florence/Anthi Gennadius (upper left), Opening of the Gennadius Library, April 23, 1926 (upper right), Officials arriving at the opening of the Gennadius Library (lower) (Photos: www.ascsa.edu.gr)

Approximately 100 selected objects—rare books, manuscripts, works of art, maps, and archival material—highlight the journey of an institution that evolved from a private collection into an international research center. The exhibits, complemented by photographs and audiovisual material, shed light not only on the collection itself but also on the people behind it: collectors, donors, researchers, and librarians who shaped the identity of the Gennadius Library.

“The exhibition is not only a retrospective of the past, but also a starting point for the future. It highlights the dynamic nature of knowledge as a living process that continues to evolve,” notes the Director of the Gennadius Library, Maria Georgopoulou, curator of the exhibition, together with Irene Solomonidi, Head Librarian.

Forming a unified narrative, the exhibition is structured into ten thematic sections presenting:

• “The Vision” – the creation of Ioannis Gennadios’s collection
• “The Foundation” – the birth of the Library as an institution
• “The Legacy” – the donations that shaped it
• “The Collections” – rare books, manuscripts, and archives
• “Beyond the Book” – works of art, maps, and visual material
• “People” – the individuals behind the Library
• “Research” – its contribution to the humanities
• “Networks” – its international presence and collaborations
• “A Library Without Borders” – its cultural outreach
• “The Future” – its digital transition and role in the 21st century

One of the exhibition’s most engaging features is a section created by 45 researchers who have worked or studied at the Gennadius Library. Using their mobile phones and QR codes, visitors can discover the researchers’ favorite items from the Library, along with the reasons they selected them

The exhibition sections are arranged within the I. Makriyannis Wing in Kolonaki district in a way that allows visitors to follow multiple paths—historical, thematic, and experiential—each shaping their own personal interpretation of the Gennadius Library. Admission to the exhibition is free.

Rare editions presented, among others, at the exhibition:

• The grammar of Laskaris, the first dated Greek edition, marking the birth of Greek printing in the West.
• The Athenian edition of “The Lyric and Bacchic Poems” by Athanasios Christopoulos, the first Greek book printed in the city (1825).
• The first edition of Lucian, printed in Florence by Lorenzo de Alopa in 1496, edited by Janus Laskaris.
• The first edition of Homer’s works (Florence, 1488), produced by the Greek scholar Demetrios Chalkokondyles.
• The complete works of Aristotle, first printed in Venice in five volumes (1495–1498), the first major printing achievement of Aldus Manutius.

• The first printed edition of “Erotokritos” by Vitsentzos Kornaros, published in 1713 in Venice by Antonio Bortoli.

Read also: History of Greek Printing by the American School of Classical Studies at Athens

Exhibition “Gennadius Library 100. A Century of Inspiration”, American School of Classical Studies at Athens

Source: https://www.amna.gr

Photos: https://www.facebook.com/GennadiusLibrary/

The post “Gennadius Library 100. A Century of Inspiration” appeared first on Greek News Agenda.

Celebrating World Greek Language Day, the Embassy of Greece in Tokyo organized, on March 9, an academic event in cooperation with the University of Tokyo, held at the University’s premises. At the opening of the event, the commemorative message of the Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs, Mr. Loverdos, was presented, along with a relevant informational video produced by the Ministry of Culture, translated into Japanese.

This was followed by a welcome address from the Ambassador of Greece to Tokyo, Ms. Kliamaki, who emphasized the timeless value of the Greek language throughout its long history, from the works of ancient Greek authors to our National Poet, Dionysios Solomos, as well as its contemporary use in science and its status as an official language in Greece and Cyprus, both members of the European Union.

The global influence of the Greek language was internationally acknowledged at the 43rd General Conference of UNESCO (Samarkand, November 2025). The audience was particularly impressed by the speech of the Minister of Culture, Ms. Mendoni, delivered at the UNESCO General Conference, in which she illustrated the contribution of Greek to the English language through the use of Greek-derived terms.

The event also featured lectures by academics with a background in classical studies from four different universities in the Japanese capital, addressing themes related to different periods of the Greek language. Dr. Takashi Matsuura (University of Tokyo) spoke about the origins of the Greek language, including the arrival of the first Greek tribes in the Greek region and the earliest examples of ancient Greek writing and dialects. Special emphasis was placed on the connection between Linear B and the Cypriot syllabary with the ancient Greek alphabet.

Professor Yoshinori Sano (International Christian University) discussed the reception of elements from the Iliad—especially the story of Ajax—in Sophocles’ tragedy of the same name, also drawing parallels with similar themes in Japanese epics and Noh theatre. Explaining the evolution of the Greek language after antiquity, he concluded that despite the millennia separating classical ancient and modern Greek, linguistic continuity remains stronger than in the case of Japanese.

The audience also attended with admiration a short musical performance by artist Futaba Sato, a graduate of classical studies, who performed excerpts from the Iliad and poems by Sappho, accompanied by an ancient Greek lyre acquired from a specialized workshop in Greece.

In the second part of the event, Professor Akihiko Watanabe (Otsuma Women’s University) addressed katharevousa as a linguistic bridge between ancient and modern Greek and as a unique example of combining elements from all periods of the Greek language. By reading excerpts from the works of A. Papadiamantis and D. Vikelas, he presented examples of the coexistence of ancient and modern Greek elements in katharevousa, a feature that continues in contemporary Greek, which is enriched by archaizing expressions.

The event concluded with a lecture by Emeritus Professor Masako Kido from Kyoritsu Women’s University, who has been awarded the rank of Commander of the Order of Beneficence for her contribution to promoting Greek culture in Japan. Her presentation focused on the work of Fotis Kontoglou,   within the search of “Greekness” and the broader intellectual movement of the “Generation of the 1930s,” emphasizing the interplay between text and image and the influence of Byzantine tradition. She also referred to other major modern Greek literary figures, including Nobel laureates George Seferis and Odysseas Elytis.

The event received a particularly positive response from the audience, consisting mainly of Japanese philhellenes and students, as well as members of the Greek and diplomatic communities. It served as a unique opportunity to showcase the long history and international significance of the Greek language at Japan’s most prestigious university. Also in attendance was the Head of the Japan–Greece Parliamentary Friendship Group and former Minister of Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Digital Reform of Japan, Mr. Taro Kono.

The success of the event was greatly supported by the Department of Classical Studies of the University of Tokyo, as well as by the high level of expertise demonstrated by the speakers.

This initiative forms part of the Embassy’s broader program to promote the Greek language in Japan. In this context, on 13 February, an interactive presentation was held for students of Shibahama School, in cooperation with the Greek language school “Girisha Plaza” and the Municipality of Minato, where the Embassy is located. The presentation focused on the Greek language and its influence on Japanese and was accompanied by a demonstration of traditional Greek dances by the Japanese dance group “Kefi.” In addition, outreach activities were conducted in four prominent Japanese schools, introducing students to Greek history, language, and culture, including reference to the establishment of 9 February as World Greek Language Day by UNESCO.

The post Celebrating World Greek Language Day in Tokyo appeared first on Greek News Agenda.

Missolonghi welcomes the iconic painting by Eugène Delacroix

In a highly charged atmosphere, marked by deep emotion and admiration, the Xenokrateion Archaeological Museum of Missolonghi welcomed on Saturday, March 14, the iconic painting by Eugène Delacroix, “Greece on the Ruins of Missolonghi” (La Grèce sur les ruines de Missolonghi), during an official press conference attended by the Minister of Culture, Lina Mendoni. The work was lent by the Museum of Fine Arts of Bordeaux as part of the events commemorating the 200^th  anniversary of the Exodus of Missolonghi and will remain at the Xenokrateion until November 2026. As of Sunday, March 15, the public has the opportunity to view up close the historic painting by the great Philhellene artist, who, just a few months after the heroic Exodus of 1826, created a work of profound symbolic power, despite never having visited the city. (Cover photo by journalist Nikos Aliagas (https://www.instagram.com/nikosaliagas/p/DV1LJ4iCFcl/). Nikos Aliagas notes that “it is a profound journey through time, where art invites us to reflect on the relationship between human beings and the non-negotiable ideals of existence. Artistic masterpieces are not merely visual achievements; they embody the universal truths that shape societies, traversing the centuries and our shared destiny”).

The Minister of Culture Lina Mendoni and journalist Nikos Aliagas at the press conference (photo https://www.tanea.gr)

The Minister of Culture emphasized that Delacroix’s choice of Missolonghi was far from accidental, as the Third Siege and the Exodus of 1826 shook Europe and secured for the city a distinct place in the memory of Philhellenes. As she noted, the months of starvation, the resistance to the very end, and the conscious decision of the inhabitants not to surrender but to undertake an exodus that was at once doomed and redemptive transformed Missolonghi into a timeless symbol of self-sacrifice and moral transcendence. She further pointed out that the designation “Sacred City,” later attributed to Missolonghi, was not merely honorary, but reflected the conviction that an act of the highest human dignity took place there, worthy of History itself. According to the Minister, it was precisely this deeper moral dimension that Delacroix succeeded in capturing in a unique way. Ms Mendoni further emphasized that Delacroix’s work is not confined to illustrating historical events, but brings to the fore the spiritual essence and cultural depth of the Greek Revolution. As she noted, it is an image that remains timeless and relevant, and has come to be established as one of the most recognizable symbols of the struggle for freedom, not only for the Greeks but more broadly.

Eugène Delacroix, Greece on the Ruins of Missolonghi, 1826, oil on canvas, Dimensions: 213 x 142 cm (frame excluded), Acquisition: bought by the Salon de la Société des Amis des Arts de Bordeaux, 1852, Musée des Beaux-Arts Bordeau (MUSBA)

Temporary exhibition “Exodus, 1826–2026” in Missolonghi

The National Historical Museum (NHM) and the Region of Western Greece, on the occasion of the 200^th anniversary of the Exodus of Missolonghi, co-organize an exhibition titled “Exodus, 1826–2026”, to be held in Missolonghi from March 20 to October 15, 2026, at the Chryssogelos Mansion. The exhibition offers a concise presentation of the events of the Second Siege of Missolonghi, their impact, and their influence on the shaping of national collective memory.

Odysseas Maroulis (1878–1956), Relief topographic map of the fortification of Mesolonghi during the final siege, National Historical Museum

A. Jaquème, “The remaining members of the garrison of Mesolonghi at the moment they set fire to the powder magazine to blow themselves up,” oil painting, Michalis and Dimitra Varkarakis Collection

Polychronis Lembesis(1848–1913), Ioannis Trikoglidis [1891–1962], “Athanasios Razikotsikas” (1929), oil painting, National Historical Museum (left), “Christos Kapsalis” (1881), oil painting, National Historical Museum (right)

The exhibition unfolds on two distinct levels and is divided into two parts. The first part, dedicated to the historical events, is structured into three thematic sections: (i) the Siege, (ii) the Exodus, and (iii) Memory. Unique artifacts—including paintings and engravings, personal belongings and weapons, costumes, medals, and decorations from the collections of the National Historical Museum, as well as documents, newspapers, and photographs from the Archive of Historical Documents and the Photographic Archive of the Historical and Ethnological Society of Greece—have traveled to Missolonghi, some for the first time. The second part of the exhibition features representations of the Exodus in public history, highlighting the symbolism and interpretations of the event through compositions accessible to younger audiences.

Konrad Lange (1806–1856), Commemorative medal with a symbolic depiction of the Exodus of Mesolonghi (1836), National Historical Museum (left), “The women of Mesolonghi in battle, ” Porcelain plate from the Montereau faience factory, National Historical Museum (right)

Vryzakis Theodoros (1814 or 1819 - 1878), Kapsali’s Sacrifice, Oil on canvas, 134 x 144 cm, Athens National gallery. The sacrifice of Christos Kapsalis (1826) stands as a supreme act of self-sacrifice during the Exodus of Missolonghi, when the local notable blew up the gunpowder store to prevent the remaining elderly, wounded, and women and children from falling into Ottoman hands.

Temporary exhibition “Missolonghi 1826: 200 Years since the Exodus” at the Benaki Museum

On the occasion of the bicentennial of the Exodus of Missolonghi, the Benaki Museum is organising an anniversary exhibition dedicated to the Holy City of Missolonghi, the Greek War of Independence, and the Philhellenic movement. The aim of the exhibition is, on one hand, to honor this pivotal event in the Greek Revolution, which shocked international public opinion and greatly strengthened Philhellenism, and, on the other hand, to highlight the significance and timelessness of the heroic Exodus of the people of Missolonghi.

Through representative paintings, drawings, engravings, books, and objects, the exhibition presents an extensive and multi-layered selection of the iconography of Missolonghi, the national liberation struggle, and Philhellenism. Rare artefacts from the Benaki Museum, the Dr John Robertson collection of drawings and engravings, as well as other institutions and private collections, shed light on how revolutionary Missolonghi served as a point of reference for both political Philhellenism and the intellectual formation of modern Greece. The exhibition combines iconic works with unknown and previously unpublished artefacts, offering a renewed and enriched perspective on Missolonghi and the Greek Revolution. Selected thematic sections (from ephemera and artistic practices to the role of the Press, the family, women, and public spectacles) highlight the broader cultural and ideological context of the era.

Giovanni Berselli (1802-1860) (engraver) – Narducci Pietro (1793-1880) (draughtsman), Missolonghite mother with her child, 1837, Tinted etching, Spyros Sakalis Collection (left), Announcement of Lord Byron’s death in the newspaper Telegrafo Greco, issue no. 6, 24 April 1824, British School at Athens. The foreign language newspaper Telegrafo Greco aimed to inform international public opinion on the events in Greece. It was printed in Missolonghi, at the press of Johann Jakob Meyer and Dimitris Mestheneas, with Count Pietro Gamba as editorial director (right)

Pistol belonging to Lord Byron, Wood, steel, Benaki Museum, donated by R. J. H. Jenkins. In 1834, Dionysios Solomos gave the two pistols to Lord Nugent, the liberal British Governor of the Ionian Islands (1832-1835)

Johann Lorenz II Rugendas (1775-1826) (draughtsman), The Exodus of Missolonghi, 1826, Coloured aquatint, Benaki Museum

Alphonse-Marie de Neuville (1835-1885) (draughtsman), The Defence of Missolonghi, Tinted lithograph, Benaki Museum

Commemorative fan from the concert held at the Vauxhall Hall in Paris, on 26 April 1826, in support of the Struggle of the Greeks, Paper, wood, Benaki Museum

Read also:

Missolonghi – Sacred City: 200 Years Since the Exodus (1/2)

Poem of the Month: “On This Day I Complete My Thirty-Sixth Year” by Lord Byron

Book of the Month: “The Greek Revolution of 1821 and its Global Significance” by Roderick Beaton

Greek Revolution in the works of foreign artists

The post Missolonghi – Sacred City: 200 Years Since the Exodus (2/2) appeared first on Greek News Agenda.

In 2026, 200 years are completed since the Exodus of Missolonghi, on April 10, 1826, an emblematic moment of the Greek Revolution—an event that shaped the course of the struggle and became a symbol of humanity’s fight for freedom and dignity. The long siege and the tragic outcome of the Exodus established Missolonghi as a point of reference for ideals and universal values that transcend the boundaries of our national history.

Message by the Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs Yiannis Loverdos

In 2021, we celebrated 200 years since the outbreak of the Greek Revolution, a struggle that achieved a successful outcome because it was a blend of heart and reflection. As historian Mark Mazower notes, the success of the Greek struggle was due not only to epic moments of bravery and acts of courage, but primarily to the endurance and sacrifice of ordinary people. The Exodus of Missolonghi is an emblematic expression of this dimension—the choice of freedom over submission—and embodies a new political vision that places sacrifice at the forefront as a contribution to forging a national society.

Missolonghi, the Garden of the Heroes (photo: www.discovergreece.com2-best-things-do-messolongi)

The history of Missolonghi begins as early as antiquity, and the city is geographically connected with the wider region of ancient Aetolia, where ancient Pleuron was located, mentioned by Homer in the Iliad. The founding of the modern city of Missolonghi most likely dates back to the post-Byzantine period. In the 16th century, in texts related to the Battle of Lepanto, Missolonghi is mentioned as an area of fish farms and small fishing settlements. During the 18th century, the settlements of the Missolonghi lagoon developed into a notable naval and commercial center, where significant shipbuilding activity took place, contributing to the city’s economic growth. The failed uprising of the Greeks in 1770, within the framework of the campaign of the Russian admiral Orlov, proved disastrous: the settlement of Missolonghi was set on fire, a large part of the fleet was destroyed, and the inhabitants were forced to abandon their homes and seek refuge in the Ionian Islands. After the destruction of 1770, the city was gradually rebuilt, and economic growth and maritime activity followed.

With the Revolution of 1821, Missolonghi assumed a central role in Western Central Greece. The presence of Alexandros Mavrokordatos was decisive in shaping institutions and administration, while the elected leader of the Missolonghiots, Athanasios Razis-Kotsikas, contributed substantially to the fortification of the city and its military preparation. Through this duality of political presence and local military leadership, Missolonghi capitalized on its strategic position—which allowed it to control western Central Greece and access to the Gulf of Patras—and was transformed into a crucial factor in the outcome of the struggle.

Vryzakis Theodoros (1814 or 1819 - 1878), The Reception of Lord Byron at Missolonghi, 1861, Oil on canvas, 155 x 213 cm, Athens National Gallery

Philhellenes from many countries rushed to Missolonghi as early as 1821. Among them were the German Karl Albert Normann (1784, Stuttgart – 1822, Missolonghi), the Swiss Johann Jakob Meyer (1798 Zürich – 11 April 1826, Missolonghi), publisher of the Ellinika Chronika—and the British William Parry, as well as numerous volunteers from France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Sweden, and the United States. In 1824, Lord Byron arrived in Missolonghi; he collaborated with Mavrokordatos and contributed to the struggle not only by providing financial support but also by rekindling international interest.

Frédéric Boissonnas (1858–1946), Sieges of Missolonghi (1926), photolithograph, National Historical Museum. This piece is a reproduction of a famous painting originally commissioned by the Greek General Yannis Makriyannis between 1836 and 1839. The original series was painted by Panagiotis Zografos, a folk artist and veteran of the revolution, under Makriyannis's specific instructions to document the struggle for independence

In 1822, Missolonghi was besieged for the first time by Kioutachis and Omer Vryonis, but after two months the Ottomans, having suffered heavy losses, were forced to withdraw. Three years later, the Sultan once again assigned Kioutachis to capture the city, coordinating his actions with Ibrahim Pasha’s campaign in the Peloponnese. The second siege began on April 15, 1825, when Kioutachis returned under the Sultan’s orders. In December 1825, Ibrahim Pasha arrived in Missolonghi and took over the direction of the siege, which was organized more systematically, making the blockade suffocating. The prolonged siege, deprivation, and famine had exhausted the approximately 10,000 inhabitants and fighters, who nevertheless continued to reject Kioutachis’s repeated proposals for surrender. Ultimately, the people of Missolonghi decided on the Exodus, planned for the night of Lazarus Saturday into the early hours of Palm Sunday, April 10, 1826. That dramatic moment has been captured in modern Greek literature—among others in Isidoros Zourgos’s novel Aidonopita—and remains to this day a symbol of ultimate sacrifice.

Vryzakis Theodoros (1814 or 1819 - 1878), The Exodus from Missolonghi, 1853, Oil on canvas, 169 x 127 cm, Athens National Gallery

François-Émile de Lansac (1803-1890), Episode of the siege of Missolonghi (1827), Missolonghi Municipal Gallery

The testimonies regarding the consequences of the Exodus are shocking. The Austrian consul in Patras, Vincenzo Micarelli, reported a number of 3,100 “ears” collected by the Ottomans—a practice that provoked horror in European public opinion. The fall of Missolonghi acted as a catalyst for strengthening the philhellenic movement. When the tragic news of the Exodus reached Paris, the reaction was intense and influenced European governments, contributing to a shift in the policy of the Great Powers and to the convergence that led to the Battle of Navarino. The fall of Missolonghi was not the end, but the beginning of a new European awakening in favor of Greek independence. As the national poet Dionysios Solomos notes in The Free Besieged, this small “threshing floor” became a symbol that transcended its historical moment and passed into eternity.

Manuscript of the Greek national poet, Dionysios Solomos from “The Free Besieged”. Inspired by this crucial conflict of the Greek War of Independence, it is considered one of the greatest poems of Dionysios Solomos, “the greatest Greek poem ever written” in the words of Bruce Merry. It is an epic unfinished work, which consists of three separate poems in fragmentary form, written in a period of more than twenty years. The Free Besieged does not have a continuous narrative, but consists of a series of scenes and glimpses that occurred during the last days of the siege. The central theme, according to Solomos’ notes, is the defenders’ power of the will, which is tested by a number of afflictions. Indeed, apart from the armed conflicts, the defenders also had to undergo a spiritual struggle against those that threaten to weaken their resistance. It was not only their physical condition of starvation and destitution, but also the far more subtle and insidious effect on them of the spell cast by nature itself: the work is set in the last days of the siege, just before the Easter of 1826, during springtime, and two of its sections are dedicated to the beauty of spring. The besieged, according to Solomos, become truly free because of their spiritual victory over all their trials. This was described by the poet as an inner freedom of the will.

Read also: https://www.greeknewsagenda.gr/poem-of-the-month-the-free-besieged-by-dionysios-solomos/

Two hundred years later, the Sacred City of Missolonghi honors the memory of self-sacrifice, reflects on its identity, and highlights its contemporary dynamism, remaining a place of memory and inspiration for future generations.

Missolonghi, the Laggon (photo: https://www.discovergreece.com/travel-ideas/best-of/12-best-things-do-messolongi)

Missolonghi – Sacred City: 200 Years since the Exodus (1826–2026)

Read also:

Poem of the Month: “On This Day I Complete My Thirty-Sixth Year” by Lord Byron

Book of the Month: “The Greek Revolution of 1821 and its Global Significance” by Roderick Beaton

Greek Revolution in the works of foreign artists

The post Missolonghi – Sacred City: 200 Years Since the Exodus (1/2) appeared first on Greek News Agenda.

The National Strategy for the Protection of Cultural Heritage from the Impacts of Climate Change was recently presented by the Minister of Culture Lina Mendoni at the auditorium of the Acropolis Museum. “This is the first systematic effort to integrate the climate dimension into the management, protection, and promotion of cultural heritage in Greece, and one of the few internationally that incorporates and synthesizes updated and reliable guidelines,” emphasized Lina Mendoni, referring to the project, which integrates international standards from the UN and the EU (Cover photo: The archaeological site of Delos, Source: Ministry of Culture).

The National Strategy was developed within the framework of the project “Protection of Iconic Sites and Monuments of Cultural Heritage from Climate Change,” funded with €22,000,000 from the Recovery and Resilience Facility. This project forms part of the national effort to address the impacts of climate change in the cultural sector and marks a significant step toward strengthening the resilience of the country’s cultural heritage.

The National Strategy was designed by the Ministry of Culture, through the Directorate of Prehistoric and Classical Antiquities, in collaboration with the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens and the National Hellenic Research Foundation, having carried out detailed climate-risk assessments examining threats such as wildfires, flooding, extreme heat, landslides, and coastal erosion. Its development and implementation were carried out in close cooperation with the Ministry of Climate Crisis and Civil Protection and the Ministry of Environment and Energy, ensuring a holistic and coordinated approach to safeguarding cultural heritage against the impacts of climate change.

(Source: https://www.amna.gr, https://www.culture.gov.gr)

Key elements of the strategy include:

• Climate risk assessment across the country, considering exposure, vulnerability, and hazard levels
• Preventive infrastructure projects, including fire protection, flood control, and landslide mitigation at vulnerable archaeological sites
• Digital tools and platforms for evaluating risks and selecting tailored adaptation plans.
• Monitoring and evaluation systems aligned with international indicators set at COP30 (2025) in Belém, Brazil
• Training programs for Ministry of Culture staff on climate adaptation measures
• International collaboration with the UN, UNESCO, and EU initiatives to integrate cultural heritage into global climate action

 (Source: https://www.tovima.com/culture/greece-unveils-plan-to-protect-monuments-from-climate-change/ )

More specifically, the National Strategy seeks to promote international collaboration, which includes, among other initiatives:

• Establishing a framework for collaboration with 54 additional United Nations Member States (Group of Friends for Culture-Based Climate Action) to integrate cultural heritage into the priorities of the UNFCCC (adaptation and mitigation)
• Maintaining systematic cooperation with UNESCO and other international organizations
• Participating in the European Union Working Group on enhancing the resilience of cultural heritage to the impacts of climate change
• Creating a dedicated program within the Forum of Ancient Civilizations and drafting a memorandum of cooperation with all member states, as well as establishing a network of contact points within the Forum to ensure coordination and coherence of activities in the field of cultural heritage protection from climate change
• Participating in national and international research initiatives

(Source: https://www.culture.gov.gr)

Firefighting systems at the archaeological site of Mystras. Within the framework of the project, infrastructure and risk management interventions were also implemented, such as the installation of fire protection systems in Philippi and Mystras, flood protection works in Dion and Malia, as well as measures to mitigate landslides and rockfalls in Delphi. These interventions clearly reflect the transition from scientific knowledge and strategic planning to the implementation of concrete protection policies

Minister Lina Mendoni stressed, among others, that “the Ministry of Culture, since 2019, has been implementing a comprehensive program for the identification and assessment of climate risks, as well as for prevention and resilience-building, in alignment with international standards and in harmony with the broader National Strategy for Adaptation to Climate Change. Our aim is for it to serve as a reference framework for all relevant state institutions in safeguarding monuments and archaeological sites, while promoting the integration of cultural heritage management with climate resiliency. The National Strategy follows a long-term plan with a horizon extending to 2050, including intermediate targets every five years. It provides for adaptation plans for 40 archaeological sites by 2030 and makes use of modern technologies and planning tools.

“The National Strategy is structured around 4 pillars of action: Diagnosis, Monitoring, Prevention, and Response. These pillars do not operate in isolation, but in an interconnected and functionally sequential manner. They constitute a unified risk management cycle: they begin with the scientific understanding of threats, move on to systematic monitoring, organize prevention, and culminate in targeted field interventions. This is a structure that allows the Strategy to be translated into practical public policy,” added L. Mendoni. “It is part of a broader, dynamically evolving international, European, and national institutional framework, which in recent years has been gradually shaping a new approach to environmental governance and climate policy”.

Readiness drill at Mystras

The Minister of Climate Crisis and Civil Protection, Giannis Kefalogiannis, stated that “the protection of monuments can no longer be limited to restoration after damage, but must be based on prevention, preparedness, and systematic planning.” He also referred, among others, to the cooperation developed in recent years between the Ministry of Culture and the Ministry of Climate Crisis and Civil Protection, which was established with the signing of a Memorandum of Cooperation in 2021 and further strengthened in subsequent years through more targeted actions, particularly in addressing the risk of wildfires. He also referred to the establishment of a special Fire Protection Regulation for archaeological sites and monuments, being developed jointly by the two ministries. This regulation provides for specific preventive measures, such as the systematic management of vegetation, improved access for firefighting forces, the provision of safe evacuation routes for visitors and staff, and the strengthening of preparedness procedures in emergency situations.

At the Minoan Palace of Malia in northern Crete, an integrated drainage network and upgraded protective canopies help safeguard the archaeological site from rainfall and erosion

The National Strategy for the Protection of Cultural Heritage from the Impacts of Climate Change represents the first comprehensive national effort to assess climate risk and design adaptation measures for the protection of cultural heritage. The methodology developed is based on a multidimensional approach to climate risk assessment, with a pilot application in 19 archaeological sites across the country. It serves as a reference framework for all relevant institutional and administrative levels—the Ministry of Culture, particularly the Ephorates of Antiquities, the competent ministries, regional and local authorities, as well as academic and research institutions and local communities—strengthening the connection between cultural heritage management and climate resilience. At the same time, it constitutes a dynamic strategic planning tool that can be adapted to new scientific data, updated climate projections, and evolving needs for the protection and management of cultural heritage.

(Source: https://www.amna.gr, https://www.culture.gov.gr)

The post Greece Unveils National Strategy to Protect Cultural Heritage from Climate Change appeared first on Greek News Agenda.

The Ministry of Culture recently held a press conference presenting the photographs from the so-called Hoyer Collection—including three depicting some of the most dramatic moments of the execution of 200 Greeks in Kaisariani by Nazi occupation forces on May 1, 1944—and announcing the creation of a National Photographic Archive. At the press conference, in the presence of Minister of Culture Lina Mendoni, the participants included four experts who traveled twice to Belgium to meet Tim de Craene, a collector-dealer, in order to assess the authenticity and legal provenance of the collection, as well as its significance and value. The collection was purchased for €100,000 with funds from the Ministry of Culture.

Minister of Culture Lina Mendoni presented a historical overview, from the initial discovery of the collection - comprising 262 photographs, 16 documents, and four old banknotes offered for sale by a Belgian collector on an online auction site - to the transfer of ownership of the collection to the Ministry of Culture and the Greek state.

National Photographic Archive

Minister Lina Mendoni stated that “with a legislative provision, the Ministry of Culture will establish a National Photographic Archive. It will constitute a distinct body within the National Archive of Monuments and will be interconnected with the other databases of the Directorate for the Management of the National Archive of Monuments”. She emphasized that, beyond the photographs of exceptional importance from Kaisariani and the Hoyer Collection, “there were many reasons why we wished to establish a National Photographic Archive. For example, there are the extremely significant photographic collections from Tatoi for our modern history; photographs of Greek refugees—archives that have already been handled by the Ministry of Culture and which will be housed in the Museum of Refugee Hellenism in Thessaloniki—as well as photographs from the historical archive of the Archaeological Service. The Ministry of Culture holds a large amount of material, and if the collections of the supervised institutions are also taken into account, there was every reason to create this distinct National Photographic Archive within the National Archive of Monuments.” 

Next steps

Regarding the next steps for the Hoyer Collection, L. Mendoni provided the following information: “The Ministry of Culture, since it has now declared the photographs as monuments - that is, they constitute a material monumental relic protected under Law - has already begun to handle the collection according to the procedure required for monuments: protection, conservation, safeguarding, scientific documentation, and ultimately its promotion and wider public presentation. The aim is for it to be used, like all the evidence of our historical and cultural heritage, in public discourse and in education. Throughout the study, what I insist on and what I have requested is strict scientific documentation and testimony. The photographs are monuments of our modern history, and this is how we will treat them. This period requires study and specialists who can address it,” the minister emphasized.

As was announced in the interview, the first step for the collection, after care by the competent Conservation Directorate, is the digitization of all the material. “Digital copies, under certain terms and conditions, may be provided by the Ministry of Culture to specific recipients. A necessary prerequisite is the historical identification of subjects, places, people, and dates, as well as the integration of the collection into its historical context. Obviously, the photographs of the execution will receive special treatment,” the Minister of Culture emphasized, noting that the research work has already been undertaken by the National Hellenic Research Foundation, within the framework of the Cultural Development Programmatic Agreement with the Ministry of Culture, under the scientific supervision of Mr. Schneider and his colleagues at the Foundation. “The collection is in very good condition. However, it is more than 80 years old, so it will require special care. What concerns us now is conservation, digitization, and management in order to protect the collection in the future,” said M. Mertzani, head of the Directorate for the Conservation of Ancient and Modern Monuments of the Ministry of Culture.

The Significance of the Collection

The head of the Directorate of Modern Cultural Heritage of the Ministry of Culture, V. Fotopoulou, emphasizing the importance of the collection and noted: “We were certain from the beginning about the value, importance, and authenticity of the entire set of photographs, and thus - with the very decisive stance of the political leadership - we managed, within 13 days, to bring to completion a very difficult undertaking. We were very confident because we are historians and we know very well what these kinds of collections are photographs taken by soldiers of the Third Reich, the Wehrmacht, and the SS of Nazi Germany, which now circulate widely. We know what happened here. It is estimated that more than 40 million photographs were taken by Wehrmacht soldiers and over 2 million photographs by the propaganda units established by Joseph Goebbels.”

“It is important, first of all, that we study how these individuals were shaped within the context of war. The photographs taken by this particular sergeant, and by many others, are a study of how people are formed through violence. They are also a study of the power of propaganda. Goebbels created a propaganda machine not only with professional photographers from the propaganda units but also by encouraging everyone - soldiers and their families - to take photographs. Why? So that these photographs would return home and create an image of the successes of the Wehrmacht for families, so that in the future - because he was certain that Germany would win - there would be a vast album of memories from the Great War and what Germany had achieved in it. Of course, and fortunately, none of that ever came to pass,” she pointed out.

Photographer Stavros Mavrommatis noted that the “photographer” in quotation marks is completely untrained. “He has almost no instruction for documentation and is simply creating a personal album. He uses a very good camera and excellent photographic paper that was circulating at the time—from this we understood the authenticity of the photographs at first glance. Nevertheless, his photographs are poor in photographic terms; that is, he had no instruction to document events. Rather, he had the instruction to create an album that would show the activities of the Third Reich. He takes the photographs completely detached from what he is seeing—in the album, next to the images of the executions, he places photographs of people swimming at Votsalakia Beach in Piraeus. This is precisely another reason why these photographs have particular value, because they show that they were taken not by explicit order, but in accordance with the spirit that prevailed among the occupation troops,” said.

Valentin Schneider, historian and researcher at the National Hellenic Research Foundation stressed that “these are photographs that have a hybrid character, because on the one hand they are private photographs, documenting private life in the army and during the war. On the other hand, however, it seems that there may have been some low-level instruction, perhaps at the level of the military unit itself, to document the everyday life of the unit so that photographs could be exchanged after the war.”

Valentin Schneider presented several characteristic photographs from the Hoyer Collection, including the 13 images from Kaisariani, three of which were the most dramatic, as they depict the moment of the execution and the minutes immediately afterward.

(Source: https://www.ertnews.gr/eidiseis/ellada/kaisariani-parousiastikan-oi-istorikes-fotografies-apo-tin-ektelesi-ton-200/ )

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An event for World Greek Language Day was held on March 5 at the Rotunda in Thessaloniki by the Thessaloniki International Relations Service of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, with Professor of Linguistics, Mr Georgios Babiniotis as the main speaker. Greetings were delivered by the Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs, Mr Ioannis-Michail Loverdos, and the Deputy Minister of Education, Mr Nikos Papaioannou. The event was presented by the Director of the Thessaloniki International Relations Service (YDIS) of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ms Katerina Tsapikidou.

World Greek Language Day, celebrated on February 9, is honored every year on the day of the death of Greek national poet, Dionysios Solomos. However, this year’s World Greek Language Day is special, as it is the first after the unanimous recognition of Greek language by UNESCO as such, last November in Samarkand, Uzbekistan, following coordinated efforts by the Ministries of Foreign Affairs, Culture, and Education.

In his address, Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs, Mr Loverdos emphasized that “Greeks have a duty to respond to the modern challenges of violence with our language and our culture, and to oppose them with our struggle for culture, peace, and respect for every human being.”

The Deputy Minister of Education, Mr Papaioannou, spoke about the timeless character of the Greek language and its influence on the terminology of technology, noting that “drawing on its long history, it shows us the way forward into the future.”

In his speech, Professor of Linguistics, Mr Babiniotis reviewed the historical periods and highlighted the decisive role of the Greek language in shaping European and global civilization. He also described as historic the decision of UNESCO to recognize our language as a global one. He further emphasized the three distinctive characteristics of the Greek language on which this recognition was based: its uninterrupted continuity for forty centuries, its particular structure that allows the expression of profound meanings and ideas, and its universal presence through written texts and oral traditions. He referred to the Alexandrian period and Koine Greek language, which became the lingua franca of the time, and went on to the recognition of Greek as the official language of Christianity. He also referred to the Renaissance and the Enlightenment and to the influence of Greek language on the expression of new scientific concepts, concluding with the modern era and the teaching of Greek in European schools and in Chairs of Greek Studies at universities. In closing, he stressed that, following the successful recognition of our language as a global language by UNESCO, our country should seek the reintroduction of the teaching of classical languages in European secondary education. He also underlined that investing in language is an investment in the cultivation of thought and intellect.

The event was honored by the presence of Metropolitan of Thessaloniki Philotheos, the Commander of the Supreme Military Command of Epirus and Macedonia and of the NATO Rapid Deployable Corps, General Boudliakis, representatives of the Hellenic Parliament, the Coordinator of the Prime Minister’s Office in Thessaloniki, Giannis Papageorgiou, representatives of the Municipality of Thessaloniki and the Region of Central Macedonia, and the former European Commissioner, Margaritis Schinas. Also in attendance were the majority of the Consuls General of the diplomatic missions based in Thessaloniki (Germany, France, Cyprus, Romania, Serbia, Albania, Georgia, Ukraine, and Bulgaria), Honorary Consuls (Armenia, Moldova, Luxembourg, Canada, Slovakia, and Estonia), the President and CEO of the International Technology Center Thess Intec, Mr Nikos Efthymiades, as well as representatives of the city’s commercial and cultural organizations.

The evening was accompanied by a vocal and instrumental ensemble from the Ano Poli Conservatory of Thessaloniki, under the direction of conductor, Mr Panagiotis Diamantis.

Read also:

Speech by Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis at the event celebrating World Greek Language Day at the SNFCC

Message by the Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs, Yiannis Loverdos, on World Greek Language Day

Event Hosted by the Permanent Delegation of Greece to UNESCO for World Greek Language Day

Event Celebrating World Greek Language Day hosted by the Embassy of Greece to the Holy See

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The Academy of Athens held on February 9-10 the inaugural Symposium of its new organization, the International Community (Koinon) of Academies. The 'Koinon' includes members from 37 Academies around the world and was held at the historic neoclassical building of the Academy on Panepistimiou Street. This year also happens to be the centennial of the Academy, adding a special historical and symbolic character to the event. (Cover photo ©Theodoros Anagnostopoulos, Source: kathimerini.gr)

To be held every four years, the Symposium will serve a place for meeting and exchanging ideas on the major issues of the era, bridging scientific knowledge with culture and humanism. Its theme will cover a broad interdisciplinary spectrum in the fields of natural, theoretical, social, and human sciences, arts and letters, with an emphasis on contemporary global challenges, such as artificial intelligence, the climate crisis, the protection of cultural heritage, and the resilience of societies in the Anthropocene. "Internationally recognized scientists, academics, and intellectuals, members of leading Academies around the world will participate in the proceedings of the Symposium, thus confirming the international character and high scientific level of the event”. The event will culminate with a World Intellect Olympiad, with a view to highlighting Athens - and in particular the site of Plato's Academy - and the values of the School of Athens, as timeless points of reference for the international dialogue of knowledge, science and culture in a difficult era for humanity.

(Source: amna.gr)

The International Community (Koinon) of Academiesstands as a modern echo of Plato’s ancient Academy, where wisdom once walked beneath the shade of the olive trees. Rooted in the sacred soil of Plato’s Academy (Akademia Platonos), on land entrusted for the union of minds and cultures, the Koinon seeks to rekindle a timeless dialogue among the world’s great modern Academies.

The Koinon is a nonprofit association, following the will of Panagiotis Aristophron, a renowned architect and philanthropist, deeply inspired by Plato’s vision, who donated 50,000 square meters at the archaeological site of Plato’s Academy in Athens. Its mission is to foster international cooperation among Academies and collaboration with leading scientists, artists, and institutions. It will operate from its current offices at the Academy of Athens, with plans for a new bioclimatic facility near the New Museum of the City of Athens. Governed by a Board of Directors, the Koinon includes regular, honorary, and meritorious members. Accredited Academies participate through the Committee of Honorary Members, its plenary body. Christos Zerefos, is the President of the Board of Directors of the International Community (Koinon) of Academies.

The Koinon aims to promote the principles of Plato’s Academy through international symposia, scientific and cultural events, global awards, and joint activities with academic institutions worldwide. It is a gathering place for scholars, artists, and thinkers—honoring the pursuit of truth, the beauty of knowledge, and the harmony of global collaboration. The Koinon will serve as a lasting hub for elite events of human minds and souls in the Anthropocene.

The photorealistic rendering and the architectural study of the New Museum of the City of Athens were carried out by the architect Georgios Tsolakis at the area of Plato’s Academy in downtown Athens. In June 2022, the Greek Ministry of Culture, the Academy of Athens, and the Municipality of Athens signed a cooperation agreement to continue excavations at Akademia Platonos. The plan includes the construction of the New Museum of the City of Athens and establishing offices and conference facilities for the International Community (Koinon) of Academies on a 26,000 square meter plot owned by the Academy, as per Aristophron’s will. This initiative envisions an environmentally sustainable, bioclimatic complex that serves both as a museum and a hub for the Koinon’s global activities. (Photo: tsolakisarchitects.gr)

Inaugural Symposium of the International Community (Koinon) of Academies (Photo ©Theodoros Anagnostopoulos, Source: kathimerini.gr)

The theme of the Symposium spanned a broad range reflecting the concerns of our time. Artificial Intelligence, the climate crisis, the protection of cultural heritage, and societal resilience in the Anthropocene were central pillars of discussion, highlighting the initiative’s interdisciplinary character. The Distinguished academics, scientists, and intellectuals from Greece and abroad took part in the proceedings. Prokopios Pavlopoulos, former President of the Hellenic Republic, member of the Academy of Athens, and Honorary Professor at the University of Athens, delivered the keynote speech entitled “Myth and Truth in the Age of Artificial Intelligence.”

The interventions ranged from analyses of innovation and the prospects of the European economy to the ethical dimension of sustainable development on a global scale. Discussions addressed geopolitical developments in the Black Sea, transitions toward sustainability, the use of Artificial Intelligence in archaeological research and across the sciences more broadly, as well as the relationship between technological progress and humanism.

Inaugural Symposium of the International Community (Koinon) of Academies (Photo ©Theodoros Anagnostopoulos, Source: kathimerini.gr)

In particular, within the thematic session “Artificial Intelligence, Human Health and Intelligence,” the presentations focused on the multiple dimensions of artificial intelligence—from its economic and collective implications to its contribution to computer science research, the limits of machine learning in relation to the functioning of the human brain, and the prospects of genomic medicine for the future of healthcare.

The climate crisis was also at the forefront. The President of the Board of Directors of the International Koinon of Academies, Mr. Christos Zerefos, outlined the efforts being undertaken to monitor the impact of the climate crisis on UNESCO World Heritage monuments in the Mediterranean. Issues of natural disasters and crisis management further enriched the agenda.

 (Source: ertnews.gr)

Read more about INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY (KOINON) OF ACADEMIES

INAUGURAL MEETING OF THE HONORARY MEMBERS OF THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY (KOINON) OF ACADEMIES (in English):

February 9

February 10

February 10 - Eastern Hall

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World Greek Language Day was celebrated on February 9^th, 2026, at the Aula Magna of the Pontifical Oriental Institute in Rome, at an event co-organized by the Apostoliki Diakonia of the Church of Greece and the Pontifical Oriental Institute (Pontificio Istituto Orientale of the Gregorian University), in cooperation with the Embassy of Greece to the Holy See.

Opening remarks were delivered by the Ambassador of Greece to the Holy See, Despina Poulou,  the President of the Pontifical Oriental Institute, Father Sunny Thomas Kokkaravalayil, and the Head of the Office for European and Cultural Programs of the Apostoliki Diakonia, Mr. Aris-Dimitrios Mylonas, who represented the Director of the Apostoliki Diakonia, His Eminence Metropolitan Agathangelos of the Phanar.

The keynote speakers were the renowned Italian neo-Hellenist Professor Cristiano Luciani of the University of Tor Vergata and the President of the Collegium Maximum at the Pontifical Gregorian University (Pontificia Università Gregoriana) in Rome, Padre Giuseppe (Pino) Di Luccio. Both speakers highlighted the timeless value and living presence of the Greek language in European and global civilization.

The event concluded with the performance of hymns by students of the Department of Byzantine Music of the same University, under the direction of Professor Georgios Kamariaris, offering the audience a musical experience of high aesthetic quality.

The coordination of the event was undertaken by Professor Christos Palaskonis, Professor of Modern Greek Language at the Pontifical Oriental Institute.

The event was attended by representatives from the Vatican, members of the academic and diplomatic community, students of the Greek language and Byzantine music, as well as friends of the Greek language and culture.

It is worth noting that this was the first event organized by the Embassy of Greece to the Holy See dedicated to the Greek language, as well as the first collaboration between the Apostoliki Diakonia and the Pontifical Oriental Institute with the Greek Embassy to the Holy See on this subject.

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On February 9, a major cultural, literary, and musical event was held with outstanding success in a packed central hall at UNESCO Headquarters in Paris. The event was organized by the Permanent Delegation of Greece to UNESCO, under the Permanent Delegate, Georgios Koumoutsakos (cover photo), to mark the first celebration of the proclamation of February 9 as “World Greek Language Day,” following the ratification of the historic decision by UNESCO’s General Conference last November. This event was the most prominent among those organized abroad by our country’s diplomatic authorities to celebrate February 9.

A recorded message by the President of the Hellenic Republic, Konstantinos Tasoulas, was screened at the event (upper photo). Introductory remarks were delivered by the Minister of Culture, Lina Mendoni, the Director-General of UNESCO, Khaled El-Enany (lower right photo), and UNESCO Goodwill Ambassador of Greece for the Protection and Promotion of Culture, Kostantza Sbokou-Konstantakopoulou. The keynote address was delivered by the President of the National Library of France, Gilles Pécout (lower left photo). All speakers emphasized the distinguished contribution of the Greek language to the development of human civilization over 3,000 years, its uninterrupted continuity to the present day, and its immense universal value.

In the literary part of the event, excerpts from emblematic texts and poems of Greek literature, spanning from antiquity to the modern era (the Hippocratic Oath, Anna Komnene’s Alexiad, the Apostle Paul, Seferis, Cavafy, Elytis, Ritsos), were read and recited by the distinguished Greek actors Grigoris Valtinos and Panagiota Vlanti. The musical segment featured the Greek tenor Marios Frangoulis and the Franco-Greek performer Dafné Kritharas, accompanied by the Symphony Orchestra of the Corfu Music School and the Corfu Conservatory.

Although the central hall at UNESCO Headquarters, with a seating capacity of 1,400, was the venue of the event, attendance reached 1,700 people. Among those honoring the event with their presence were a representative of the President of the French National Assembly, French Members of Parliament and Members of the French Senate, the Greek film director Costa-Gavras, dozens of Ambassadors and Permanent Representatives, hundreds of officials from the Permanent Delegations of UNESCO Member States, diplomats, French academics, members of the Greek Community of Paris, prominent representatives of the Greek and French business communities, Greek students at French universities, and others.

On February 9, the archaeological exhibition entitled “The Greek Language Was Given to Me” organized by the Ministry of Culture, was inaugurated by the Minister of Culture, Lina Mendoni (upper right photo), in the “Salle des Actes” of UNESCO Headquarters (the title of the exhibition comes from the poem Axion Esti, first published in 1959, by the Greek Nobel laureate poet Odysseas Elytis). The exhibition (upper left photo) illustrates the uninterrupted course of the Greek language and writing throughout its long history, through selected texts, visual material, and replicas of ancient works. The Minister of Culture delivered the keynote address jointly with UNESCO’s Assistant Director-General for Culture, Ernesto Ottone. The exhibition will run until February 13.

(Photos: Ari Bafalouka)

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